Types of coffee beans explained
There are several types of coffee beans, but the most important are arabica and robusta. Arabica beans are known for their smooth, complex flavour, while robusta beans are stronger and more bitter. Understanding the different types of coffee beans helps you choose the right one for your taste and brewing method. This guide explains each type, how they differ, and how to select the best beans for espresso or everyday coffee. With the right knowledge, you can improve both flavour and consistency at home.
What are the different types of coffee beans?
The main types of coffee beans are arabica and robusta, with a few less common varieties like liberica and excelsa.
Arabica beans are the most widely used and are known for their smooth, balanced flavour with fruity and floral notes. They typically contain less caffeine and offer more complexity in taste. Robusta beans, on the other hand, are stronger, more bitter, and contain more caffeine, making them popular for bold blends and espresso.
Less common types include:
- Liberica: rare, with a unique woody and smoky flavour
- Excelsa: often used in blends, offering tart and fruity notes
In most cases, coffee you drink will be either 100% arabica or a blend of arabica and robusta.
Freshly roasted, freshly ground
How to choose the right type of coffee beans
The best type of coffee bean depends on your taste preferences and how you prepare your coffee.
Step-by-step guide:
1
Decide your flavour preference
- For a smooth and aromatic coffee, choose arabica
- For a strong and bold coffee, choose robusta or a blend
2
Match your brewing method
- Espresso often benefits from blends (adds body and crema)
- Filter or cafetière: arabica works best for clarity and aroma
3
Consider caffeine levels
- Robusta contains more caffeine
- Arabica offers a lighter, smoother experience
4
Check freshness
Always choose freshly roasted beans and grind just before brewing for best results.
Coffee bean type | Arabica | Robusta | |
|---|---|---|---|
Colour | Colour | Colour | Colour |
Flavour | Smooth, fruity, complex | Strong, bitter, earthy | |
Caffeine | Lower | Higher | |
Aroma | Aromatic and refined | Less complex | |
Acidity | Higher | Lower | |
Use | Premium coffee, espresso | Blends, strong coffee | |
Price | Higher | More affordable | |
Discover the world of L'OR coffee beans
Lighter vs darker roasts: what’s the difference?
Roast level also affects how coffee beans taste, regardless of type.
Lighter roasts highlight the natural flavours of the bean, while darker roasts create a deeper, more intense profile.
- Light roast: more acidity, fruity notes
- Medium roast: balanced flavour and aroma
- Dark roast: bold, smoky, more bitterness
Choosing the right roast depends on whether you prefer complexity or intensity.
Is arabica better than robusta?
Not necessarily. Arabica is smoother and more complex, but robusta is stronger and higher in caffeine. The best choice depends on your taste.
Which type of coffee bean is strongest?
Robusta beans are the strongest due to their higher caffeine content and more intense flavour.
What type of coffee beans are best for espresso?
A blend of arabica and robusta is often ideal for espresso, as it balances flavour, strength, and crema.
I want to subscribe to the newsletter
Take advantage of a 30% discount* on your next order
All prices include VAT and exclude any additional (delivery) costs